Migration Through Human Trafficking Through The Dominican...

Introduction: The topic I will be researching is migration through human trafficking in the Dominican Republic. I am particularly interested in this topic because of its dynamics. The trafficking of women has been an ongoing issue in Dominican Republic and we barely hear about these stories in the media. My original interest was on the migration of women and the reasons why women migrate to North American countries and other Latin American countries from the Dominican Republic. But in researching for this topic, I encountered numerous articles on migration for sexual exploitation and the trafficking of women and young girls in Dominican Republic. This came as a shock to me, as being from Dominican descent and both of my parents born and†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, I was not able to get direct links from both of my sources because of the nature of this topic they refused answer some of my original questions. Truth is, even though these women are no longer â€Å"enslaved† o ne may say, they are still afraid and I was lucky enough to get some information. Both of the women interviewed refused to give names and locations. II. Research Findings: SQ1. What are the reasons behind trafficking in women for sexual exploitation? Interviewee 1.: â€Å"For many reasons. Imagine we live under poverty, we grow up under poverty and we want better lives for our children and ourselves. She says she left for the same reason everyone else leaves to earn money and come back and buy a house for our family.† (Interviewee #1, 11/06/2014, Dialogue). Truth is, interviewee 1 is right, according to an article entitled â€Å"Sex trade Flourishes in Dominican Republic†, the average person in Dominican Republic the minimum salary is about $80.00 a month. With this being said, we must know that not a lot of people in the Dominican Republic earn even half of the minimum salary. This is what a policeman or someone with a profession is able to earn. Nevertheless, it is understandable why people seek elsewhere for job opportunities. Also, to stay at home means to either adjust yourself to these living conditions or like in

American Colony Lifestyles Essay examples - 911 Words

So close yet so far The lifestyle in the three American colonies sections, varied dramatically, the most obvious was the difference between the New England and the Southern colonies. The New England colonies varied in many ways from the southern colonies, the most obvious were the motives for the founders, the political and social beliefs, and economic differences. The New England colonies were much more interested in starting a new way of life for the generations to come, the Southern colonies based lived for the day and the quick dollar. The Founders of the New England colonies had different views for the new world then the views of the Southern Founders. Although both founders were of English decent they came for very different†¦show more content†¦The differences in the governmental structure affected the social classes in the colonies. People were looked at in very different ways in New England compared to the Southern Colonies. The social structure in the New Engl and Colonies based itself around family. Families would have around 8-10 children and at the same time, people began to live after 65, compared to the average of 40-50 before. Because of the high birthrate and the extended life expectancy, it is known as the New England colonists that invented the modern day grandparents. In the South there was a high rate of disease and the life expectancy was around 50 years old. There were very few women in the south, making the women very important, giving them more power then in the north. The southern children were rarely given education, if any it was by tutors. In the North almost all children got education. These factors of family lead to a change in the economic structures. The economic aspirations of the South were greatly different then those of the New England colonies. The New England soil was rocky and not very suitable for growing many cash crops. New England spent a lot of its resources on raising cattle and grain, where th e South could focus on tobacco and rice. The New England colonies did a lot of manufacturing, such as ship building, these types of jobs did not require slaves, which reducedShow MoreRelatedThe Colonial Elite : The Most Powerful Citizens Of The Colonies879 Words   |  4 Pages The Colonial Elite were known to be the most powerful citizens of the colonies. Although, they weren’t as rich or powerful as the English aristocrats, they still enjoyed a wealthy lifestyle. Most of the colony’s elite included the rulers of proprietary colonies much like Pennsylvania and Maryland. Elites who were in connection with imperial centers pretty much controlled the political and economic life of every colony. The wealthier of the colonists had so much wealth that they re able to buildRead MoreSouthern Colonies vs New England Colonies713 Words   |  3 Pagessome similarities between colonies. During the colonial time period from about the 1600’s through the 1700’s, th e thirteen original colonies were founded and divided among three major sections known as the New England colonies, the Middle colonies, and the Southern colonies. The New England colonies consisted of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. The Middle colonies contained New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. The Southern colonies included Virginia, MarylandRead MoreSocial Structure and Development in the Chesapeake and New England Colonies950 Words   |  4 PagesChesapeake and New England colonies were both settled by predominantly British immigrants. They founded the Chesapeake colonies such as Virginia in 1607 and Maryland in 1634 they founded the New England colonies such as Massachusetts in 1630, Connecticut in 1635, Rhode Island is 1636 and New Hampshire in 1639. Both the New England colonies and the Chesapeake colonies started as similar colonies but developed into different societies. The New England and Chesapeake colonies developed into two differentRead MoreAmerican Revolution, Market Driven or Not895 Words   |  4 PagesTheme 2 Was the American Revolution largely a product of market-driven consumer forces? The American Revolution paved the way for democratic rule in nations and ignited the spreading thereof throughout the whole world. Yet events that led up the start of the revolution have been mixed in their significance by historians. Both historians, Carl Degler and T.H. Breen agree that the British mercantile system had benefited the colonists, allowing them to have comfortable lifestyles. Madaras L, SoRelleRead MoreTo What Extent Had the Colonists Developed a Sense of Their Identity and Unity as Americans by the Eve of the Revolution?1474 Words   |  6 Pagessense of their identity and unity as Americans by the eve of the Revolution? 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Madaras L, SoRelleRead MoreThe Unprecedented Success Of Revolution1594 Words   |  7 Pagesimperative to understand that self-aggrandizement of unfair leaders and unequal distribution of rights have often been the case in history when revolution is non-present. And only through revolutions such as the Enlightenment, Industrial, French, American, and Haitian Revolutions, has the world become as comfortable and fair as it is today. Though having its roots and stems in the Scientific Revolution and Italian Renaissance, the Enlightenment is undeniably an imperative revolution as it led theRead MoreThe Puritans And William Penn On Their Groups1131 Words   |  5 Pages 2014 ) North America had many events that led to slavery. When Pennsylvania opened this led to an immediate decline in the number of indentured servants who want to go to Virginia and Maryland by sailing. After many people started to leave the colonies turn toward dependence on slave labor. Believing in the people of the new world thinking that they could depend on African slaves for the dimensions of its labor force, a force of slavery started when the unremitting of demands begun. EventuallyRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages1109 Words   |  5 Pagesthe voyage to the colonies that required nearly a years worth of income for the English, â€Å" The cost of the Atlantic passage was 9 to 10 per person†.With information gathered between New England and the South, a potential colonist, paying their own voyage, would make an educated decision to live in Southern colonies. An Artisan born in Great Britain, migrating to America, would make the decision base off advantages and disadvantages in both New England and the Southern colonies. Two regions inRead MoreThe American Colonies1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Colonies for the past 20 years have become accustomed to living a thousand miles from their sovereign, the King of England and Parliament. This separation from â€Å"monarchial† control and power has created a tough and independent society, which although they believe themselves to be subjects of the crown, has molded an experience and lifestyle unlike any found within the â€Å"Crown’s† realm. Subsequently, these differences in lifestyles bond both Mother Country and colony on a path that veers

Practical exercise free essay sample

In this practical exercise you will be using biuret reagent. Why is biuret reagent used in this practical? The biuret reagent is used to assess the concentration of the protein because peptide bonds occur with the same frequency per amino acid in the peptide. The intensity of the colour, and therefore the absorption, is directly proportional to the protein concentration. Q 2. What is the experimental reason for constructing a standard curve? Multiple samples with known properties can be measured and graphed, which then enables the same properties to be determined for the unknown samples, in this case the concentration, by interpolating the graph which depicts the relationship between the absorbance and concentration. Q 3. Based on the above information (in the prac manual) and your own thinking, which plant do you hypothesize will have more rubisco, one raised in the sun or one raised in shade? It is hypothesised that the sun raised silverbeet plant will have more rubisco than the shaded silverbeet plant. We will write a custom essay sample on Practical exercise or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Should the line connect all the data points or should it be a line of best fit? Why? (2 sentences) A line of best fit as it will give an accurate representation of the relationship between absorbance and concentration between the different samples. The more samples used, the closer the results would be to the line of best fit. Q 5. Is it possible to determine the protein concentration of a solution from the standard curve if the measured absorbance is off the scale of the y-axis, i. e. higher than the highest y-value on the standard curve? Give your reasons.   It’s not possible to determine the protein concentration because the data gathered from the standard solutions is in a certain range (specific scale). Therefore the relationship between absorbance and concentration cannot be determined for anything outside of this range. Q 6. Describe  two  ways in which you would modify the experimental procedure to determine the protein concentration of this solution? Give full details of the two experimental procedures. (2 and 4 sentences) One way in which the experimental procedure could be modified is diluting the sample. This involves decreasing the volume of BSA Protein solution and increasing the buffer volume by the same amount. As a result the absorbance would be lower and fit on the graph. Another way may be to extend the curve by increasing the concentration of the BSA Protein solution which would provide a greater range. Q 7. Do your results support your hypothesis regarding these tissue samples? (2-3 sentences) The hypothesis regarding the tissue samples was supported. The absorbance of the sun raised silverbeet plant was found to be 0. 801, which was greater than the shaded silverbeet plant with an absorbance of 0. One possible reason for the results not supporting your experimental hypothesis is experimental error. List three examples of possible sources of error that may have occurred in your work in this practical class. (2-3 sentences) A possible error may be adding inaccurate amounts of buffer between samples, causing them to dilute either excessively or insufficiently, resulting in an inaccurate standard curve. Another error could be leaving the sample solutions for over 25 minutes, which could cause the protein to start degrading. Not zeroing the spectrophotometer or cleaning the tube properly can affect the absorbance value. Q 9. Even if your results do support the experimental hypothesis, give three major possible explanations for a  negative result  (i. e. biological reasons not experimental errors). (4-5 sentences) Biological errors involve using different parts the plant, such as a stem or leaf and one may have a higher or lower absorbance than the other. Another reason may be that different aged samples were used, such as a baby plant which may have a higher absorbance compared to an aging plant. Furthermore, the sun raised silverbeet plant could have had excessive exposure to the sun and was beginning to die, causing a lower absorbance. Q10. What is the single major design problem in this experiment in drawing conclusions about different concentrations of rubisco in response to different growth light conditions? (2 sentences) Rubisco is not the only protein in the plant as it makes up 80% of the total protein in plant leaves. This means that there is 20% of other existing proteins that may have contributed to the results.

Loves Labors Lost Essays (1071 words) - Entertainment,

Love's Labor's Lost Topic: My paper report came a bit late but I was extremely exited to go. I got to watch Love's Labor's Lost preformed by the drama department in Juilliard School in Manhattan. I went alone and got through on a waiting list. I never read the play and had no idea what to expect. It turns out that a play is much easier to understand if you are watching people act it out on stage than if you are reading it from a script. And that play was meant to be watched. It was full of obscure jokes, and strange language which is relevant to the times when it was written but does not seem to make sense to the modern reader. The actor's body language, the expression on their faces and the general movement on stage tells the story almost independently of the written play. In other word's how the actors say their lines matter as much as what they are saying. I understood why a play is supposed to be seen on stage rather than read in a classroom. The first thing to note about the production was that it was moved out of its time frame. The original play takes place somewhere in Shakespearean times in Europe. This version puts the actors in modern clothing. The are portrayed as school children at play more than adults. The whole play tied into the theme of Cupid and the futility of attempting to resist love. Everything is about movement and it seems almost as a ballet or an elaborate dance production. The opening act starts with four young men (Navarre, Berowne, Longaville, and Dumain) making an absurd pact to dedicate 3 years to studying and abstain from women's company and all other earthly delights. On stage these men seem more like children. They are wearing school boy's clothing and brandish wooden swords to make a pact. In the middle of the stage in a little school house with a classroom inside. The foursome is carrying book bags and speak in exaggerated tones. The colors are very vibrant and lively, giving the stage more movement and a feeling of light spirit. Once the four have made their vows, Cupid will have his revenge. He finds his servant in the form of Costard the clown who in the production appears as a spanish ghetto joker in baggy jeans and a lot of very colorful shirts. The play is full of sexual innuendoes, heavy flirting and even a few rap numbers. I have never hears Shakespeare being raped before but it seemed to have a good beat to it. In the second movement we are introduced to the four ladies of the play: Rosaline, Maria, Katharine, and the Princess of France). They are dressed as teenage girls with a risky fashion sense. Their characters are very distinct with one representing a nerd, one a sports jock one a flirt and the Princess a strong independent woman. The ladies are ready for a warm reception but Navarre, being true to his pact, refuses to let them in. Thus they are ready to aid Cupid in his revenge against the arrogant men who thought to ignore his arrows. Here each actor seems a clown with a lot of overplaying. Each motion is bright and obvious, giving the viewer as much help as possible with the understanding of the play. The music is live and very sad contrasting what happens on stage. It prepares the audience for the inevitable tragic ending of the play and tones down the flashy acting. Soon all the boys break their oath and fall in love with the young women and the clever and sharp flirting begins. What the play lacks in clarity of words it makes up in the expression on the actor's faces. Boyet is interestingly enough portrayed as a wild bisexual, Armado is showing homosexual tendencies as well. That makes the play more fun for the modern viewer and brings the jokes down to the level where they can be appreciated more by the audience. The actors were all young students of the school but their skills were not equal. Costard took the audience by storm by being what

Global Warming Essays (1218 words) - Climate Change, Global Warming

Global Warming What is global warming, and how is it affecting the Earth and it's inhabitants? Global Warming is sometimes referred to as the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is the absorption of energy radiated from the Earth's surface by carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere, causing the atmosphere to become warmer. The greenhouse effect is what is causing the temperature on the Earth to rise, and creating many problems that will begin to occur in the coming decades. For the last 10,000 years, the Earth's climate has been extraordinarily beneficial to mankind. Humans have prospered tremendously well under a benign atmosphere, (Bates 28). Today, however, major changes are taking place. People are conducting an inadvertent global experiment by changing the face of the entire planet. We are destroying the ozone layer, which allows life to exist on the Earth's surface. All of these activities are unfavorably altering the composition of the biosphere and the Earth's heat balance. If we do not slow down our use of fossil fuels and stop destroying, the forests, the world could become hotter than it has been in the past million years. Average global temperatures have risen 1 degree Fahrenheit over the last century. If carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to spill into the atmosphere, global temperatures could rise five to 10 degrees by the middle of the next century. The warning will be the greatest at the higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, with the largest temperature rises occurring in winter. Most areas will experience summertime highs well above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. New temperature records will be set each year. As a possible prelude to global warming, the decade of the 1980's has had the six hottest years of the century (Erandson 18-22). Atmospheric disturbances brought on by the additional warming will produce more violent storms and larger death tolls. Some areas, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, will dry out and a greater occurrence of lightning strikes will set massive forest fires. The charring of the Earth by natural and man-made forest fires will dump additional quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Changes in temperature and rainfall brought on by global warming will in turn change the composition of the forests. At the present rate of destruction, most of the rain forests will be gone by the middle o f the next century. This will allow man-made deserts to encroach on once lush areas. (Bassett 1-2). Evaporation rates will also increase and circulation patterns will change. Decreased rainfall in some areas will results in increased rainfall in others. In some regions, river flow will be reduced or stopped all together completely. Other areas will experience sudden downpours that create massive floods. The central portions of the continents, which normally experience occasional droughts, might become permanently dry wastelands. Vast areas of once productive cropland could lose topsoil and become man-made deserts. Coastal regions, where half the human population lives, will feel the adverse effects of rising sea levels as the ice caps melt under rising ocean temperatures. If the present melting continues, the sea could rise as much as 6 feet by the middle of the next century (Bassett 1-2). Large tracks of coastal land would disappear, as would shallow barrier islands and coral reefs. Low-lying fertile deltas that support millions of people would vanish. Delicate wetlands, where many species of marine life hatch their young, would be reclaimed by the sea. Vulnerable coastal cities would have to move farther inland or build protective walls against the angry sea, where a larger number of extremely dangerous hurricanes would prowl the ocean stretches. Forests and other wildlife habitats might not have enough time to adjust to the rapidly changing climate. The warming will rearrange entire biological communities and cause many species to become extinct. Weeds and pests could overrun much of the landscape. Since life controls the climate to some extent, it is uncertain what long-term effects a diminished biosphere will have on the world as a whole. It is b ecoming more apparent, however, that as man continues to squander the Earth's resources, the climate could change in such a way that it is no longer benevolent to mankind. The greenhouse effect and

Enallage Definition and Examples

Enallage Definition and Examples In rhetoric, a figure of syntactic substitution in which one grammatical form (person, case, gender, number, tense) is replaced by another (usually ungrammatical) form. Also known as the figure of exchange. Enallage is related to solecism (a deviation from conventional word order). Enallage, however, is usually regarded as a deliberate stylistic device, whereas a solecism is commonly treated as an error of usage. Nonetheless, Richard Lanham suggests that the ordinary student will not go far wrong in using enallage as a general term for the whole broad range of substitutions, intentional or not (Handbook of Rhetorical Terms, 1991). See Examples and Observations below. Also see: AnthimeriaConversionHendiadysHistorical PresentHypallage Etymology From the Greek, change, exchange Examples and Observations Emphasis is what enallage can give us; it draws reaction by shifting the function of a word from that of its usual part of speech to an uncharacteristic function, thereby thwarting the predictable. . . .Heres a classic case of enallage: When a credit agency identifies a deadbeat debtor, the nonpayer is referred to not merely as a bad risk or bad person, but as a bad. Shifting the adjective bad into a noun is like saying, once a bad, always a bad, and bad through and through.(Arthur Plotnik, Spunk Bite. Random House, 2005)Got milk? is substandard speech. So is Subway’s Eat fresh. . . .It’s a trick called enallage: a slight deliberate grammatical mistake that makes a sentence stand out.We was robbed. Mistah Kurtz- he dead. Thunderbirds are go. All of these stick in our minds because they’re just wrong- wrong enough to be right.(Mark Forsyth, Rhetorical Reasons That Slogans Stick. The New York Times, November 13, 2014)The hyssop doth tree it in Judea.(Thomas Fuller , quoted by John Walker Vilant Macbeth in The Might and Mirth of Literature: A Treatise on Figurative Language, 1875) Whose scoffed words he taking halfe in scorne,Fiercely forth prickt his steed as in disdaine . . ..(Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queen, Book 4, Canto 2)Bid them farewell, Cordelia, though unkind;Thou losest here, a better where to find.(William Shakespeare, King Lear)Being now awake, Ill queen it no inch further,But milk my ewes, and weep.(William Shakespeare, The Winters Tale) . . . how wickedly and wretchedly soever a man shall live, though he furs himself warm with poor mens hearts . . ..(Thomas Adams, The Three Divine Sisters)Enallage as a Rhetorical FigureIn narrative texts, a substitution of the past tense by the present tense (praesens historicum) takes place, when the intended effect is a vivid representation (enargeia). Not merely a solecism or a grammatical mistake, enallage is employed with a functional intentionality, which gives it the status of a rhetorical figure.(Heinrich F. Plett, Enallage, Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, edited by Thomas O. Sloane. Oxford University Press, 2002) The Figure of Exchange: From Latin To EnglishOf all the disorderly figures of speech I have considered thus far, enallage proves to be the most resistant to translation into English. The figure manipulates grammatical accidents, substituting one case, person, gender, or tense for another, and it does not have any obvious function in an uninflected language apart from the system of pronouns. Yet despite its basic unworkability in the vernacular, enallage and its subfigure antiposis appear in four English rhetorics published between 1550 and 1650. . . . In order to make enallage speak Englishto turn it into the Figure of exchangethese rhetorics redefine it as a mode of pronoun substitution, turning enallage into a figure that exchanges he for she. Like the costumes of the early modern stage, the figure allows English words to change their case, or garments.(Jenny C. Mann, Outlaw Rhetoric: Figuring Vernacular Eloquence in Shakespeares England. Cornell University Press, 2012) Also Known As: figure of exchange, anatiptosis​ Pronunciation: eh-NALL-uh-gee

Chemistry of hazardous materials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chemistry of hazardous materials - Essay Example Thus, not only gloves but also other equipments along with protective measures are also necessary while handling phosphorus (Lenntech, 1998). Phosphorus slowly reacts with water and forms phosphine. It should be noted that Phosphine is a poisonous gas that is released when solids like phosphorus are exposed to water. Therefore, phosphorus becomes a water reactant. When this poisonous gas is exposed to water, it can contribute to the danger to the firefighters because the basic element that they use while extinguishing a fire is water. Thus, water can release oxygen from the water-reactive materials and can add to the fire causing the fire to aggravate rather extinguish. In order, to reduce the fire and finally extinguish it, it is necessary to use dry sand rather water to reduce the risk of aggravation of fire. Thus, it is advisable to the fire fighters to use dry sand while extinguishing the fire that is ignited due to red phosphorus (Burke,

American Muslims in the United States Research Paper

American Muslims in the United States - Research Paper Example This means the rest of the population could be Muslims on temporary visits and residence in the country. In as much as this diversity has an aesthete, a deeper scrutiny reveals It is essential to highlight of the notable factors that have influenced movements of Muslims from the Middle East to the US. To begin with, Arabs, as Muslims, have pursued education in the Western countries. This thrives on the belief that the Western countries have better educational structures and systems than home countries. In addition, economic incentives such as job opportunities and a dynamic investment platform attracted the Arabs. Emigration could also be explained by the wars and instability in the Middle East. The core character of this migration has majorly contributed towards the misconception of Muslims. To begin with, a common stereotype describes Muslims as only Arabs (Sirin and Fine 198). This belief ignores the fact that the Muslim community is a culturally diverse population. For instance, there are South Asians, Arabs, and African Americans in the Muslim community. Indeed, around 60% of US born Muslims are African Americans (Bayor 19). In spite of the excessive illuminated attention towards the Arab Muslims, African American Muslims have existed since the days of civil rights movement. Malcolm X, an activist for African Americans’ right, is one of the most conspicuous of this outfit (Abdullah 11). In addition, these groups have diverse styles of worship that are unique to their unique ethnic identity. It is crucial to highlight that the stereotype and misconceptions about Muslims is largely a media and commercial-driven phenomenon. Americans mostly drive their preconceptions and misconceptions from the films and commercials that portray Muslims in give ways. To begin with, films and commercials significantly portray Arabs as Muslims and portray

Small Non-profit Budgeting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Small Non-profit Budgeting - Coursework Example The goals and priorities are outlined in the strategic plan. The organization then determines the amount of money that will be needed fulfill the set goals and priorities, and this data is replicated in the annual operating budget. A budget that is well planned focuses mainly on the primary goals as it provides financial adaptability that is a key ingredient for maximizing sustainability. This paper explores the ways of creating a budget for a small non-profit organization and the expenditures that the money is needed for. Budgeting is a process. You have to use the facts that you know to be true, make sensible assumptions concerning the future and project ahead on what will be coming in the form of revenues and what will be rolling out of the organization in the form of expenses. These financial estimates are just projections. They are well defined using historical data and the events that may take place in the future. For instance, salary expenses of $100,000 for three workers in a given organization will be different from the one that will be set following year considering the fact that more additional staff will be hired. When the budgeting process is carried out, similar items are taken whereby their expenses are estimated over a given period of time. For example, an organization may need to know the exact expenditure on the office supplies in a given time. The budget will outline the summary of the total amount of costs that will be spent on office supplies. Prepare the final budget.

Effect Of Financial Crisis On Indian Economy

Effect Of Financial Crisis On Indian Economy Introduction Financial Crisis a very common word heard in the recent few years. Year 2008, the beginning of the credit crunch. It was like Tsunami waves which took away almost everything from the economies. Recession can be defined as significant decline in the economic activity lasting more than a few months, which is normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, imports-exports, and wholesale-retail sales. Powerful developed economies like US and the Euro area were not able to control or reduce the effect of recession. The emerging economies like China, India and Brazil even though affected by recession but kept a good control over it. Through this research dissertation, I want to discuss the effect of financial crisis on a developing country. So, I have chosen India to discuss this topic. India is one of the powerful emerging economies in the world. In the recent years, India has shown a significant growth in GDP and overall. With recession and its effect overall the world, India with its good policies was able to prevent recession from entering into the deep roots of the country. Even though we can say financial crisis didnt affect India but still there are some sectors badly affected by the crisis. So I basically I would be discussing about the effect of financial crisis on India and the transmission of crisis from developed countries to India. Literature Review The literature review for this research includes the effect of financial crisis on the GDP growth rate of the country. The GDP growth rate of India was increasing at a rapid rate but showed a down-turn due to the after effect of recession. The GDP growth rate of the country was above 8.5% in 2010 and it was reduced to 8.2% at the start of 2011. The GDP was affected because of the countrys globalisation. In the last decade the countrys integration into the world economy was really fast. Due to this rapid growth, the percentage of imports-exports, as a proportion of GDP grew from 21.2% in 1997-98 to 34.7% in 2007-08. This growth shows the immense growth of economy. During the period of 2003-08, the investments share in GDP increased by 11%. Domestic funds was available in bulk but still it was expensive than foreign funding. The growth potential of India was strong in the global market, so the foreign investors were ready to provide funds at lower cost and thereby take risk. Because of this globalisation the financial crisis on the global economy affected the Indian economy. Countrys banking sector is relatively one of the healthy sectors in the economy and when the recession effect came to India both the Government of India and RBI (Reserve Bank of India) responded to the challenge in coordination and consultation. The actions of RBI comprised of monetary accommodation and counter cyclical regulatory forbearance. RBI measures helped the financial sector of the country to increase the initial primary liquidity which amounts up to 7% of countrys GDP. This shows how the banking sector of India controlled the effect of financial crisis. On the other hand, the economic activities of the country were slowing down. As the real GDP rate was diminished, the service sector, in which India is one of the best due to the powerful human resource, was affected. The service sector includes construction, transport communication, trade, hotels and restaurants sub-sectors. Business outsourcing is another major services provided by India. Most of the business outsourcing was done for US companies but due the financial crisis, this section affected badly. This in turn has affected the employment sector of the country. India is a country with high population, so a slight increase in the unemployment means so many of them has lost jobs. This must be the first time in seven years, exports have declined terribly. The industrial production index has also showed a negative growth. The uncertainty around the recession has decreased the business confidence. And the country has a decelerated investment demand. Before recession, Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) was the bulk buyers in the Indian stock market. They bought huge number of shares by investing millions of dollars, as Indian economy was a developing at a rapid rate. But the subprime crisis affected them very badly. Some of the companies were short of cash, whereas others were trapped with bad debts. Even there are companies which had to declare bankruptcy. These after effects had a great impact on the Indian stock markets. The adverse effect of financial crisis on the economic growth of the country can affect the poor and the food security of the country. The increase in food price in India was comparatively lower than that of global food prices. When the price of food globally increased by 150%, in India it was just 23%. This happened between 2005 and second quarter of 2008. After that, there was a decline in the food prices but it is still much higher than that at the beginning of the decade. If compared, the inflation of food articles was 10% and that of general inflation was 6%. India is one of the top receivers of foreign remittance. India secure the first position with 17.4 billion US $ in 2003. Middle-east is one of the main destinations for migrants from India. But after financial crisis, the Gulf countries, mainly UAE got affected badly. UAE is one of the countries, where we can find a lot of Indians in the construction sector which went down after the crisis. This has affected the flow of remittance from UAE to India. According to World Bank the remittance flow to developing countries can go down by 7%-10%. This will affect the foreign exchange reserve and investment sector of the country. While concluding the literature part, it is clear that Indian economy was affected badly. But due to strong policies and high liquidity, the government was able to reduce the after effect to an extent. Methodology Through this topic I would like to find answers for some questions. They are: What are the effects of global financial crisis on Indian economy? How did crisis affect Indian economy? What are the precautions and measures taken by the responsible authorities against crisis? In order to discuss these questions, I would like to research online as well as books newspapers, so that I get a clear-cut idea on financial crisis and Indian economy. Financial crisis is a familiar topic, so the details about it are available online. To do this research dissertation, online details are not enough, but interview with concerned persons will be useful for the project. When the research is done about the effect on Indian economy, the economy is divided into different sectors. Banking sector is one sector which was successful in preventing the recession effect. Giving more importance to Banking sector will be good enough to explain the effect on Indian economy.

A case study of Amazon on its supply chain management Essay

INTRODUCTION Every company has their own supply chain in order to sort or produce goods. However, the company needs to manage supply chain to maximize its highest benefits. By having effective supply chain management, the company can ensure that the right product or service will be available at the time to the right place and at the right price (Kamal 2007). Amazon is one of the companies that have best supply chain practices in order to respond high level of responsiveness for the customers. Thereby, this paper explains about Amazon Company, analysis of Amazon’s supply chain, recommendations and barriers to implement will be discussed. Company background Amazon is an American commerce company based in Seattle, Washington, USA. The company used to be only a bookstore, but now it diversified into difference type of products. The goal of Amazon is to provide one stop shop experience where the customer can find everything on Amazon as earth’s biggest selection (Warman 2012). Amazon operates as a pure internet retailers that does not have retail store at all while the delivery will be done through Amazon’s networks of distribution centres. This operation makes the company is able to provide wider range of goods and lower cost of products with high quality. Moreover, it is also increase customer satisfaction as it supports customer convenience. An effective supply chain strategy makes the company is able to respond high level of responsiveness. Amazon balances between cost of distributions and level of services by having the efficient distribution centres and multi-tier inventory networks. However, there is a competition from substitution brands that provided the same service as Amazon, which are eBay and Walmart. Currently, eà ¸ ºBay is pushing shipping fee to the seller in order to reduce cost for the buyers while Walmart introduced free shipping to the customers but buyers have to pick up the item at the store (Amazon strategies 2010). ANALYSIS OF AMAZON SUPPLY CHAIN Most of the companies need successful supply chain management to create sustainable competitive advantages. There are various benefits from having an effective supply chain management such as inventory reduction, delivery service improvement and shorter product life cycles (Fawcett et al 2008). This part provides the scenario of Amazon’s supply chain strategy, how Amazon manages in wider context, factors influencing its supply chain, and strategic and operational implications will be evaluated. Supply chain strategy of Amazon Strategic fits According to Chopra and Meindl (2007), supply chain strategy and competitive strategy should have aligned goals. Amazon has identified their customers as highly responsiveness. In order to respond with high uncertainty demand and availability of products, the four main components drive the outcome of Amazon are having several distribution centres as a storage facilities, multi-tier inventory management, highly efficiency transportation and implement information systems to provide real time information within its supply chain. All of these factors explain how both strategies of Amazon are fit together and that makes Amazon’s supply chain successful. Inventory outsourcing The advantage of outsourcing is to help the company to focus on its core activities and cost savings (Bucki N.D.). Amazon is one of the companies that need to gain those benefits from inventory outsourcing. However, there is another side of outsourcing deals as well. Chandra (2008) argued that the company should not outsource even it was not their core activities when the demand level is increasing. The company is able to optimize the service if the stock is owned and managed efficiently. So Amazon decided to outsource only some part of its inventory in order to mitigate risks and optimize services. The products that are frequently purchased or popular were keeping and managing in-house while other products are stocked by distributors. The products will be shipped after Amazon has requested. The company acted as a trans-shipment centre (ICMR India 2003). It was a right decision for Amazon and the company is able to reduce the cost of holding large amount of  inventory while the cus tomer service is better as it shipped faster. Managing the supply chain with its wider context and organization context Price differentiated customers Dispatch and delivery options were used to divide customers into each category based on responsiveness because difference customers need difference service levels and difference prices. Amazon has provided many types of deliveries in difference costs such as free super saver delivery, one-day delivery, First-class delivery and etc (Amazon 2013). Each type of delivery reflects how fast the delivery is. It means if the customer needs very high responsiveness, get the products by tomorrow, the buyers are willing to pay more. So Amazon divided customer segments to match with its distribution systems and inventory strategy in order to control cost and service level. The company also received increased flexibility (Duran et al 2006). Moreover, there is a membership programme called Amazon prime. It provides unlimited one-day delivery for one year and it costs 49GBP. Once the buyers are member of prime, buyers will get discount if the buyers want to get express or evening delivery. The memb ers will also able to borrow kindle books for free (Amazon prime 2013). Push-pull strategy Amazon has started with pull systems. There is no inventory, no warehouse and no overhead. The company acts as a middleman who taking the orders and it will be filled by Ingram book group (Simchi-levi et al 2007). When the time has passed, the growth of the company has forced Amazon to hold some inventory in order to respond customer needs by having several distribution centres. So the strategy has changed to push-pull. The inventory is hold using a push strategy while orders are shipped using a pull strategy. The decoupling point of Amazon is distribution centres. However, some of slow items are still used pure pull strategy as there is no inventory. By having several distribution centres, the holding cost for Amazon is increased as well. Inventory segmentation The inventory network of Amazon is multi-tier inventory management. This will help the company plans and offers real time optimization service that  allows Amazon to have minimal amount of inventory needs to achieve its service level (One network N.D.). By having this network, Amazon is able to offer nearly unlimited selection. Nonetheless, the problem is each tier treats separately while not concerns about inventory of another echelon. Then bullwhip effect occurs which is inventory holding higher in each tier because there is no sharing information across the tier (Lee 2003). Amazon’s multi-tier inventory is composed of three tiers. The first tier is Amazon distribution centre. The inventory will be aggregated in distribution centres, which enables the company to hold fewer inventories. The second tier is wholesaler and partner DCs. If the products are not available from Amazon’s DC, the company will use IT systems to search for this product in partner inventories in order to assign which party will be responsible for this order. By doing this, the customer service will be high as there is no stock out experiences. Lastly, publishers, manufacturers, vendors and third-party sellers are included in third tiers. All these parties help the company to fulfill unlimited selection of goods offer in Amazon (Chiles and Dau 2005). Factors influencing Amazon’s supply chain configuration now and future Transportation Amazon provided many choices of delivery to balance cost of transportation and level of service. The company does not have large scale to contact full truckload. So the company provides free shipping in order to achieve longer lead-time of transportation. This will help company able to reduce cost and achieve economy of scale (Robinson 2010). However, the company is provided highly responsiveness options as well, which is cost company a lot. Even though the customers are willing to pay higher price to get the products faster, it should not cost anything from Amazon but it is not like that. Amazon cannot utilize its highest benefits of its transportation systems. That is why the company needs to design its supply chain networks to minimize the costs. Order sourcing The challenge of Amazon is to make decision which internal warehouse or  external partnership should be the one who responsible for this customer order. Once the order has been places via website, customer is expected to get products on time. Finding the lowest solution in short period of time is the hardest things when there are many items located in difference places and it needs to deliver in single delivery. So, the company decided to implement technology such as warehouse management systems to get real time and single view of inventory for effective sourcing (RedPrairie N.D.). Evaluate strategic and operational implications Supply chain network Amazon operates eight distribution centres within United Kingdom (UK), which are Rugeley, Hemel Hempstead, Marston gate, Doncaster, Petreborough, Dunfermline, Gourock and Swansea. Locations are selected base on distance to markets, Close to transportation mode such as Motorway and main rail link, Airport and river (Amazon Location 2013). According to Melendez (2013), several DC would help the company provides quicker deliver, lower transportation costs and easy access. Furthermore, sometimes transportation hubs, also known as injection points, were used to reduce the cost of transportation in high customer demand areas. The products will be shipped from DC to transportation hubs with full truckload. Then the inbound trucks will be unloaded the packages and load into outbound trucks which runs by a smaller carrier partners such as UPS, DPD and Hermes (Amazon Carriers 2013; Chiles and Dau 2005). Moreover, Amazon adopted drop shipment approach. The order will be picked, packed in Amazon package and delivered by supply chain partners, which are manufacturer, wholesaler and third parties. By doing this, the company is able to survive from its huge losses but it caused negative effects as well. It is about 33 percent of Amazon’s single orders are multiple products. Nonetheless, it needs to pool specific goods from difference location and ships the collective goods as one delivery, which takes time and causes a delay that leads to customer dissatisfied. (Pilai and Dutta 2004) Transportation The most difficult factor of transportation is to gain efficiency due to large numbers of small order from customers, so the company cannot gain advantage of the scale at all. Amazon used transportation hub to reduce the cost of transportation. The hub is acted as a cross docking to transfer goods to last-mile delivery. Amazon will aggregate the demand and ship it to transit hub together in order to achieve less than truckload or full truckload. Nevertheless, it needs to accumulate in term of region zone. So it takes longer time to complete this strategy. Hence, the company has introduced difference delivery option such as free super saver delivery in order to get longer lead times/ available to promise day. By doing this, Amazon is able to achieve economy of scale which is lower its cost and the customer satisfaction stays on acceptable level. However, sometimes goods are not available to the customer on time because the time spent on accumulate took longer than it should be and whe n the demand is high (Amazon 2013; Chiles and Dau 2005; Robinson 2010; Barzeski 2009). Technology As Amazon does not have a storefront, so it needs to provide the perfect visual store experience to compensate the touch of products. The company utilizes from its own technology innovations to differentiate itself from other e-commerce. The innovation includes A9 and one click ordering. The former aspect is a subsidiary company, which provides product search engines and search inside the books whereas the latter aspect is used to speed up ordering process, and introduce product recommendations, which determine customer interest from previous purchases (A9 2013; Curtis 2013). Amazon also needs an innovation to support back-end supply chain integration and execution. The company have advance warehouse management systems to support order sourcing, labour management, load balancing, process alternative and supplier collaboration. All these factors make an efficient process to support multi-tier inventory of Amazon (Chiles and Dau 2005). Besides, Amazon has been critiqued about unbearable working conditions, mandatory overtime and using human as a robot which is pushing workers to physical limit. Employees within its DC walked more than 15 miles a day to look for products and every move has checked by computers. Therefore, the company decided to use Kiva robot to deliver shelves stocked with  merchandise to DC workers instead of workers to walk around and find products. There are 1,400 kiva robots in three DC. By having these robots, Amazon can improve productivity and reduce cost up to 50 percent annually in area of warehouse efficiencies (Soper 2011; Kais er 2013). Nevertheless, this robot costs Amazon large amount of money. It is more cost effective if Amazon just hires human workers. Is it worthwhile to invest for? Wagstaff (2012) argued that the benefit of this investment for Amazon is outweighed. The company will have better publicity, improve reputation about ethical and avoid lawsuits. In addition, Amazon also launched prime air, also known as drones, which is able to delivery goods to customers within 30 minutes after buyers place the orders. The process of prime air starts from packages pass on a conveyor belt and drone will lift it off with the package and go straight to customer’s address. However, this innovation has not allowed to use nowadays. The fastest possible will be around 2015 (BBC 2013). RECOMMENDATIONS The problem is Amazon depends on courier such as UPS and FedEx too much in order to reduce the cost of transportation and make it efficient. Recently, this courier causes negative reputation for Amazon that cannot deliver the products on time when the demand is high and the customer satisfaction is decreased (Jayakumar 2013). Hence, the company should run its transportation with their private fleet in last-mile delivery because responsiveness is a crucial factor for Amazon. According to Hirsch (2010), the benefits from using private fleet is not only better customer service and greater visibility but also hold 100 % control of driver for safety, enhance branding and no driver shortage during high season/demand. Besides, private fleet will become a true competitive differentiate point as it is a connection point to customers (Schulz 2010). Furthermore, bullwhip effect is another issues. This issue happened because there is lacking of integration along the supply chain. The current stage of Amazon and its supply chain partner is cooperation. So the company should  raise the relationship to be coordination with its suppliers or become the best scenario which is collaboration. Besides, all companies along supply chain should share their information and communication in order to reduce barriers, reduce excess inventory and enhance business synergy (Cao and Zhang 2010). BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS As the writer’s recommendations, the obstacle to implement this suggestion are fluctuate demand and highly investment. Because of demand uncertainty, the company cannot know for sure what exactly amount of goods must be deliver for this area in this month. So the private fleet might not worth the cost of investment. Moreover, there is highly investment on private fleet. The cost of truck is expensive but it can be lease instead of buy to reduce the cost of maintenance as well. The cost of workers and training are another factors. The company needs to train driver to drive with manner. Lastly, the company needs to check on mile-drive and fuel every day in order to prevent fraud which takes time a lot. When the problem happened, the driver might have an excuse not to responsible for the problem. So many companies have decided to install GPS to track each driver but it costs large amount of money as well (Lynch 2007; Liccardi 2013). CONCLUSION Supply chain management plays a crucial role on Amazon’s successful. The company’s primary goal is to offer one stop service that customers can find everything on Amazon’s website and it will deliver it to buyer place within a promise time. In order to do this, the company needs to have cooperated with partner to do multi-tier inventory systems to provide nearly unlimited goods. Moreover, it needs an effective distribution networks to deliver merchandise to the customer on time. All of these are reflect the main strategy of Amazon to provide high responsiveness to the customers.

Impaired Ventilation

Nursing Care Plan Problem: Impaired Ventilation Assessment |Nursing Diagnosis |Planning |Intervention |Rationale |Evaluation | |Subjective: |Impaired spontaneous ventilation |Within 8hrs of nursing |Independent: | | | |â€Å"Gi ubo/sipon siya before na |related to accumulation of upper |interventions the pt won’t | | |After 8hrs of nursing | |disgrasya.Pagka disgrasya naka inum |airways secretions secondary to VA|exhibit signs of respiratory |Assess pt’s condition |To know and determine pt’s need |interventions the pt’s | |siya ug mga dugo niya mao nang | |distress or infection | | |temperature has risen to | |gibutangan siya ana (tracheostomy) | | | |To establish baseline data –Temp. |38. 0C but isn’t showing | |para ma suyop to ky mag lisud man | | |Assess and monitor client’s temperature. |above 37. 5? C may suggest acute |signs of respiratory | |siya ginhawa.. As verbalized by the | | | |infectious disease process. |distress | |mo ther. | | | | | | | | | | |To facilitate breathing |Goal Partially Met | |Objective: | | Elevate head of bed and align head in the middle | | | |Increased use of accessory muscles | | | | | | | | | |Raise side rails |For safety measures | | |Irritable | | | | | | | | | |Provide TSB |Water applied to skin causes the pores| | |Restlessness | | | |to open allowing excess heat to | | | | | | |escape. Evaporation creates cooling | | |Creatinine and SGPT(ALT) Result: | | | |process. | | |0. 60mg/dL –below | | | | | | |55. 0 U/L –higher | | | | | | | | | |Independent: | | | |CBC Result higher than normal range: | | | | | | |WBC 14. 9 | | |Administered medications as prescribed by AP | | | | | | |Tramadol 50mg IVTT q8 PRN |Pain reliever | | |Vital Signs: | | |Cefuroxime 750mg IVTT q8 | | | |T 38. 0C | | |Salbutamol 1neb q6 |2nd gen. arenteral cephalosporin | | |P 77 | | | |antibiotic | | |R 23 | | | |Bronchodilator | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |IVF PNLR @ 30gtts/min as ordered by AP | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Collaboration: |To replenish fluid losses during | | | | | | |evaporation of fluid in the body. | | | | |Creatinine and SGPT(ALT), CBC sent out to Medtech| | | | | | |Lab as ordered by AP | | | | | | | |To determine possible infection. | | Drug Study Cefuroxime 750mg IVTT q8 Powder for injection: 750mg, 1. 5g, 7. 5g Premixed containers: 750 mg/50ml, 1. g/50ml Source: Davis Drug Guide for Nurses 10th Edition Therapeutic: Anti-infectives Pharmacologic: Second generation Cephalosporins Pregnancy Catergory B Bind to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death Therapeutic Effects: Bactericidal action Treatment: It is effective for the treatment of penicillinaseproducingNeisseria gonorrhoea(PPNG). Effectively treats bone and joint infections, bronchitis, meningitis, gonorrhea, otitis media, pharyngitis/tonsilliti s, sinusitis, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, and is used for surgical prophylaxis, reducing or eliminating infection.Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and related antibiotics; pregnancy (category B), lactation. GI: Diarrhea, nausea, antibiotic- associated colitis. Skin: Rash , pruritus, urticaria. Urogenital: Increased serum creatinine and BUN, decreased creatinine clearance. Hemat: Hemolytic anemia MISC: Anaphylaxis Before: Determine history of hypersensitivity reacti ons to cephalosporins, penicillins, and history of allergies, particularly to drugs, before therapy is initiated. Lab tests: Perform culture and sensitivity tests before initiation of therapy and periodically during therapy if indicated. Therapy may be instituted pending test results. Monitor periodically BUN and creatinine clearance. During:Inspect IM and IV injection sites frequently for signs of phlebitis. Monitor for manifestations of hypersensitivity Tramadol 50mg IVTT q8 PRN Therapeutic: Analgesics (centrally acting) Actions: Physiologic Mechanism †¢ Decrea sed pain. Pharmacologic Mechanism †¢ Binds to mu-opioid receptors. †¢ Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS. Indication: †¢ Moderate to moderately severe pain Nursing Care †¢ Assess type, location, and intensity of pain before and 2-3 hr (peak) after administration. †¢ Assess BP & RR before and periodically during administration. Respiratory depression has not occurred with recommended doses. †¢ Assess bowel function routinely.Prevention of constipation should be instituted with increased intake of fluids and bulk and with laxatives to minimize constipating effects. †¢ Assess previous analgesic history. Tramadol is not recommended for patients dependent on opioids or who have previously received opioids for more than 1 wk; may cause opioid withdrawal symptoms. †¢ Prolonged use may lead to physical and psychological dependence and tolerance, although these may be milder than with opioids. This should not prevent patient f rom receiving adequate analgesia. Most patients who receive tramadol for pain d not develop psychological dependence. If tolerance develops, changing to an opioid agonist may be required to relieve pain. Tramadol is considered to provide more analgesia than codeine 60 mg but less than combined aspirin 650mg/codeine 60 mg for acute postoperative pain. †¢ Monitor patient for seizures. May occur within recommended dose range. Risk increased with higher doses and inpatients taking antidepressants (SSRIs, tricyclics, or Mao inhibitors), opioid analgesics, or other durgs that decrese the seizure threshold. †¢ Overdose may cause respiratory depression and seizures. Naloxone (Narcan) may reverse some, but not all, of the symptoms of overdose. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. Maintain adequate respiratory exchange. †¢ Encourage patient to cough and breathe deeply every 2 hr to prevent atelactasis and pneumonia.

Informative Essay Sample on Seamus Heaney

Informative Essay Sample on Seamus Heaney The religious and political conflict in Northern Ireland is a deep seeded, highly emotional issue. Put simplistically, it is a centuries old battle between the Native Irish Catholics and the Protestants, who are supported by the British government. Seamus Heaney, born into an Irish Catholic family, is well aware of the intricacies and emotion involved in this situation. By the nineteen sixties, through his poetry Heaney had become a well-known public figure. It was for this reason that his friends wanted Heaney to come out and show public support for the Republicans by writing for their cause. Heaney was often looked upon as a traitor for not showing allegiance to the Republicans and writing political poetry. Regardless of these pressures Heaney remained mute on these issues. He was determined to write more lasting poetry not just political poetry solely for the moment. It was not until he was introduced to P. V. Glob’s book The Bog People, written about the Pagan ritual murde rs of hundreds of years ago in Northern Europe, that Heaney was moved to comment on the conflict in his native Ireland. The images of Denmark’s ancient people entombed in the bog inspired Heaney to compare their plight to that of the Irish victims of violence of the time. P. V. Glob’s book The Bog People came out in 1969. It gave intricate details of how the Danish bog had preserved people and objects for hundreds, and in some cases thousands, of years. Although Glob’s book gave a precise account of the victims in the Bog and their violent demise, it was the photos that most captivated Heaney. Heaney drew comparison between these photos and the many images of victims of the Northern Ireland conflict at the time. It was these comparisons that compelled him to write such poems as The Tollund Man, The Grauballe Man and Punishment. Glob’s book enhanced Heaney’s fixation with the Bog. He had already shown his fascination for it with his poem Bogland. He saw the Bog as a link to the past through its ability to remember everything that happened to it. In this poem Heaney speaks fondly of the Bog, the â€Å"ground itself is kind, black butter†. He tells of its preserving power, â€Å"they’ve taken the skeleton / of the great Irish elk / out of the peat†. And when digging the peat for fuel they are also uncovering Ireland’s past, â€Å"our pioneers keep striking / inwards and downwards, / every layer they strip / seems camped on before†. It is in The Tollund Man that Heaney intertwines P. V. Glob’s Bog People with his own Irish countrymen. He draws a parallel between the Danish ritual and sacrificial murders of centuries ago with religious and political murders of the Irish conflict. In the very first line of the poem Heaney shows his fascination with The Tollund Man. â€Å"Some day I will go to Aarhus†. This has a certain romance about it as if Heaney is so captivated by the image he must go and see it for himself. He seems compelled to go on some sort of pilgrimage or quest. It is also a romantic notion because The Tollund Man is actually housed at Silkeborg, not at Aarhus where he was found. With the line â€Å"The mild pods of his eye-lids†, we get the impression of pity on Heaney’s part. He sees The Tollund Man as a timid victim of circumstances and feels sorry for him and his plight. Heaney sees Tollund Man’s sacrifice to the earth as a ritual marriage. â€Å"I will stand a l ong time. / Bridegroom to the goddess†. The Bog goddess’ juices would keep him for hundreds of years to come. â€Å"Those dark juices working / Him to a saint’s kept body†, until he was found by the turf cutters. â€Å"Trove of the turfcutters’ / Honeycombed workings†. In part two of The Tollund Man Heaney moves from the ritual sacrifice of Tollund Man to the killings in Northern Ireland. He is comparing the Boglands of Denmark with those of Ireland and gives mention to the murder of four brothers from an earlier time in Ireland. The Danish pagan sacrifices were made in the hope of good crops the following season. Heaney sees the Irish religious killings, such as those of the four brothers, as sacrifices just at a different time in history. He wishes these murders would appease a god and bring about some good. In the third and final part of the poem Jutland (Denmark) and Ireland are bound together. â€Å"Out there in Jutland / In the old man-killing parishes†. Heaney makes the two countries as one by using the words Jutland, which is the home of the Bog people and then parish, which is a religious word and also how Ireland is divided up geographically. Here, â€Å"I will feel lost, / Unhappy and at home†. Heaney describes how he would feel in a foreign country such as Denmark. He would be lost in unfamiliar territory, but at the same time feel at home because of the similarities between the Bog of Denmark and the Bog of Ireland. Yet he would still be unhappy because the landscape is a reminder of the ancient Bog peoples killings and the murders still going on in Northern Ireland. Unlike The Tollund Man, The Grauballe Man does not draw such direct comparison between The Bog People and the violence in Ireland. In relation to The Grauballe Man, Heaney has taken particular care to describe in detail exactly what has so captured his imagination. Using simile, â€Å"His instep has shrunk / cold as a swan’s foot / or a wet swamp root† , and metaphor â€Å"his spine an eel arrested / under a glisten of mud† to convey to the reader the picture of The Grauballe Man as he sees him. Heaney translates to the reader the pity he feels for The Grauballe Man with such lines as, â€Å"seems to weep / the black river of himself †. The poem is enveloping, with intimate descriptions capturing the imagination and then suddenly these words â€Å"the vent / of his slashed throat† jar the senses back to the present. It is a stark reminder of the violence that brought this victim to his resting-place. These lines also reiterate what fascinates Heaney about the Bog people, their connection with the violence on Heaney’s doorstep in Ireland. Heaney ponders what dreadful events must have transpired to bring The Grauballe Mans demise, â€Å"The cured wound / opens inwards to a dark / elderberry place†. With these lines Heaney also asks questions of the ancient Pagans and the Irish at his time of writing. What pushes people to commit such murders? Did Grauballe Man’s death benefit the people of his time and will the deaths in Ireland advance anyone’s cause? Or will the victims of the Irish conflict, like Grauballe Man and Tollund Man, be consigned to the bog and to history? Heaney’s sympathy is further expressed as the poem continues, â€Å"bruised like a forceps baby†, and his infatuation is exemplified in the lines â€Å"but now he lies / perfected in my memory†. Heaney, throughout the poem shows his affinity to and feelings for, the victim. Although it is in the concluding lines â€Å"each hooded victim, / slashed and dumped† that Heaney reminds the reader of the horror of Grauballe Mans death. These lines also bring to light the vivid realities of what is taking place in Ireland at the time this poem was written. Punishment, as in The Tollund Man and The Grauballe Man, brings to light Heaney’s affection for the Bog people. The images of these victims draws Heaney in to what must have taken place at the time of their death. â€Å"I can feel the tug / of the halter at the nape / of her neck, the wind / on her naked front†. The lines â€Å"and your / tar-black face was beautiful. / My poor scapegoat, / I almost love you† show how infatuated Heaney is with Windeby Girl. In using the metaphor â€Å"would have cast, I know, / the stones of silence†, Heaney reveals his own reluctance to speak out about the violence in Ireland. â€Å"I who have stood dumb / when your betraying sisters, / cauled in tar, / wept by the railings†. These lines reiterate Heaney’s hesitancy to become involved publicly in the Northern Ireland conflict. They compare Windeby Girl with the young girls of Ireland in the 1970’s, being covered in tar and tied to the front railings o f their house. This was punishment for Catholic Irish girls who consorted with British troops, although Windeby Girl’s punishment for adultery was death. Even though Heaney expresses his attachment to and affection for Windeby Girl, and would be outwardly shocked by the tarring of the Irish girls, â€Å"would connive / in civilized outrage†, he shows how deep the feelings run in Ireland with the words â€Å"yet understand the exact / and tribal, intimate revenge†. This to shows a glimpse of Heaney’s dark side and his understanding of the depth of emotions and passion involved in the Irish conflict. Glob’s book The Bog People enabled Heaney to look at the violence in Northern Ireland from a different perspective. By giving a comparison between these ancient sacrificial murders and the killings and violence in Northern Ireland, Heaney could bring the issues of the day to light. Through this method he could avoid making political statements or lecturing to his readers about how he saw the situation. Heaney himself could stand aside from these volatile issues and give a broader, less tainted view of the events that were unfolding. This would enable his poetry to open people’s minds to these events, rather than force the issue onto the public. Heaney had been put under immense pressure to speak out for the Republican cause. Therefore writing these poems, The Tollund Man, The Grauballe Man and Punishment brought with it a great sense of relief and a cathartic effect. In conveying the story of the Irish conflict in such an articulate and compelling manner, Heaney was far more likely to elicit sympathy for the plight of the Irish. Just as the images of Tollund Man, Grauballe Man and Windeby Girl were able to evoke feelings of compassion from Heaney, so would his poems evoke these feelings in his readers. Heaney’s poems give a dignity to these ancient people who were sacrificed for the benefit of their society, and may help the many victims of the Irish conflict be afforded a similar stature. You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on  Seamus Heaney topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Free Essays on Indian Killer

1. A murder is stalking and killing White men in Seattle. By scalping and leaving two owl feathers behind after each killing, the killer made it looked like an Indian’s work. The murder of the White man in Fremont, the disappearance of David Roger, the kidnapping of the white young boy made many Native Indian confused and worry- Including John Smith, a born Indian raised by White but he has a very big influence of the Indians especially father Duncan (a Spokane Indian). Sherman used mystery and irony to portrait his novel. Even at the end of the novel, the author still doesn’t tell who’s the killer - - or killers. But one of the most ironic things that happened at the end of the novel that gives the readers a shocking experience is that John Smith killed himself. 2. Main Characters in this novel include: John Smith, Reggie Polatkin, Marie Polatkin 3. Many other minor characters are John’s parents, David Roger, Father Duncan, and etc. 4. Seattle, sometimes after the European take over the Indian’s land 5. Skipped. 6. There is a lot of rage in this book. Whites are either mean or racist dullards, while those who try to sympathize with Indians are to be disdained. The author also tried to be as mysterious as possible. As reading the novel, the readers’ mood is getting more eager to know who’s the killer. The description of John (sounds like he’s mentally ill) made the audience expect him to be the killer. 7. There are some scenes that are very violent and gross. Such as when the killer first killed the White man in Fremont, the killer swallowed the eyes ball of the victim and scalped him. The description is very detail so it’s really sick. There are also bad languages and unnecessary chapters to describe minor characters. 8. The author often used irony in this novel. For example, White people raised John Smith yet he has no influence by White. He yearned for his lost heritage and wanting to find his real ide... Free Essays on Indian Killer Free Essays on Indian Killer 1. A murder is stalking and killing White men in Seattle. By scalping and leaving two owl feathers behind after each killing, the killer made it looked like an Indian’s work. The murder of the White man in Fremont, the disappearance of David Roger, the kidnapping of the white young boy made many Native Indian confused and worry- Including John Smith, a born Indian raised by White but he has a very big influence of the Indians especially father Duncan (a Spokane Indian). Sherman used mystery and irony to portrait his novel. Even at the end of the novel, the author still doesn’t tell who’s the killer - - or killers. But one of the most ironic things that happened at the end of the novel that gives the readers a shocking experience is that John Smith killed himself. 2. Main Characters in this novel include: John Smith, Reggie Polatkin, Marie Polatkin 3. Many other minor characters are John’s parents, David Roger, Father Duncan, and etc. 4. Seattle, sometimes after the European take over the Indian’s land 5. Skipped. 6. There is a lot of rage in this book. Whites are either mean or racist dullards, while those who try to sympathize with Indians are to be disdained. The author also tried to be as mysterious as possible. As reading the novel, the readers’ mood is getting more eager to know who’s the killer. The description of John (sounds like he’s mentally ill) made the audience expect him to be the killer. 7. There are some scenes that are very violent and gross. Such as when the killer first killed the White man in Fremont, the killer swallowed the eyes ball of the victim and scalped him. The description is very detail so it’s really sick. There are also bad languages and unnecessary chapters to describe minor characters. 8. The author often used irony in this novel. For example, White people raised John Smith yet he has no influence by White. He yearned for his lost heritage and wanting to find his real ide...

American Apparel Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American Apparel Case - Assignment Example He further used ex-employees of the company to advertise the products. The employee filed a case on this allegation.DovCharney could have used willing employees subject to their consent on advertising the products. He could also put in mind psychological aspects of the audience and the customers and used a polite way of advertising instead of using naked girls (Gereffi 143-169). This would have put a positive public figure of the company. On the part of company management strategies, Charney lacked seasonal executives and personal assistance to help him in compiling checks that always piled in his office. He could have used a team of trusted person to help him in compiling these checks and notes. The reason this is a good strategy he could have used is because this could spare some time, which he could use to solve other problems facing the company. Since the case was written alleging him on sexual harassment and fall of financial status of the company, there have a lot of events happening. First was his dismissal as the CEO of American Apparel in March this year (Littler, 240-243) . This triggered him on wanting to get his position back to control on the company. He has tried to raise money for buying more share in the company to raise it from 19 percent to 43 percent. This is to try to increase his influence in the company. Also, he is working with some hedge fund investor to help him raise more money. However, on 29th September this year, the board that fired him hired a new interim Chief Executive officer to act on behalf of Charney. Against his will, the hedge fund investors are now negotiating with the board, bringing a draw back on his plans as there is a possibility that this effort of the hedge investors will trigger appointment of a new management team with Charney in exclusion Durif, Fabien, Krug, E. G., Mercy, J. A., Dahlberg, L. L., & Zwi, A. B. 2002. The world

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Human Resource Management - Essay Example There is a whole list of factors that affect a further process of employees’ recruitment. (Ali 12) Current research indicates that the process of recruitment cannot be controlled by an organization. According to the recent research, the major factors that improve the performance of an organization include the following: The availability of manpower can affect the performance of an organization. If the company has a low supply of external sources, then it has to take time to prepare its own workforce. â€Å"This availability is present both within and outside the organization. Current research indicates that availability of the resources often serves to be an important factor of a successful recruitment process† (Rush 4). Labor Market often influences the recruiting work of the company. It means that if an excess of manpower exists, then an organization has the right to recruit additional notice boards. These boards are able to recruit additional applicants. There are frequent cases when the image of an employee can badly affect the performance of an organization. An employee’s bad image can also serve as a possible restriction for recruitment. It means that a company with a good representation has a greater chance to get and keep more workers than a company with a negative representation (Rush 23). Current research indicates that there is a whole list of various government regulations that prohibits discrimination. All these prohibitions have a direct impact on recruitment practices. Unions have an important role in the recruitment process. They often restrict management freedom of employees, thus affecting their performance within an organization. One of the aspects that matter is the accessibility of resources. This availability often influences the development of the economy. When the organization does not create new jobs, then it means that it has many

Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Advertising - Essay Example The poster would say â€Å"man, that’s so ‘a part of a city, especially a slum, occupied by a minority group or groups, sequestered them based on socio-economic status† followed by something that says â€Å"think of your words.† Another example would be â€Å"that’s so ‘happy’† or â€Å"that’s so ‘person who is attracted to someone of the same gender† with the same slogan. Visually, I imagine these print campaigns being visually simple, with a black and white background portrait of a person with a serious expression. This would create the inherent connection that language affects people, and is powerful. The text is solid and bright, with a color difference between the main text and the definition text. These would encourage people to actually think of the meaning behind their words and the idea that they have power in and of themselves. Furthermore, it will make people be more critical of the language they use and how it could affect

Nicolae Ceausescu Essay Example for Free

Nicolae Ceausescu Essay How can a person that grew up so poor, grow up to be a major control ? Well that is exactly the way Nicolae did it. Nicolae started getting in the Soviet Union, at a young age, and then getting involved. He was not a very nice man, and killed an estimated 5,000 people Nicole Ceausescu was born on January, 26, 1918 in Scorniceti, Romania. He was the third child of ten.The Ceausescu’s were very poor, which lead to Nicole only getting a elementary education. Also because his family was poor, he was working by eleven, in one of the factories on the Bucharest landscape. In 1932 he joined the Romania’s worker movement in 1932. In prison he met Gheorghe Gheorghiu- Deje He first got involved in the Soviet Union in the Union of the Soviet Union Youth, and was raising in power fast. After this is he joined the communist party was arrested and sentenced to 30 months in Prison in their he met Gheorghe- Deje. Gheorghe helped him in going up the line of the communist party. In 1944, the axis powers where losing ground Nicole escapes from prison, in less than a year Romania fell under communist rule, and he begin to rise in the communist party. In 1945 he made brigadier general, underneath Gheorghiu. Nicole was managing the communist parties structure. When Gheorgiu dies of cancer in 1965, he became president. In 1989 on December 25 he was shot and killed after a trial where he was found guilt. In Conclusion, Nicole should have never been in control and I don’t know why people trusted him, and he should have been killed when he escaped, if was shot then 5,000 people would have had the opportunity to leave their life. Works Cited History Nicolae Ceausescu. History Nicolae Ceausescu. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2013. Nicolae Ceausescu, 1918-1989. Nicolae Ceausescu, 1918-1989. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2013. Nicolae Ceausescu Biography. Bio.com. AE Networks Television, n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2013. Nicolae Ceausescu. Killer File. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2013.

Discuss Fitzgerald’s use of symbols within The Great Gatsby. Essays

Discuss Fitzgerald’s use of symbols within The Great Gatsby. Throughout his novel ‘The Great Gatsby’, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses symbolism. Symbols are objects, characters, figures or colours used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. The first symbol we see appears at the end of Chapter one. It is a green light, situated at the end of Daisy Buchanan’s East Egg dock and is only just visible from Gatsby’s expansive West Egg back garden. In Chapter one Nick (the narrator) describes his mysterious neighbour stretching â€Å"out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way’, this is Gatsby reaching desperately out to the green light, which represents his hopes and dreams for the future (which incidentally, involved Daisy). He associates it with Daisy and sees the green light as a guiding light to his goal. Perhaps the green light represents Daisy, the unattainable. Alike to the green light, she is so close, yet so far from Gatsby and just within his grasp. Although he is reaching out to her, he cannot in reality reach her because there is a divide, in the case of the green light it is water, but in the case of Daisy it is status (and her husband, Tom). The green light also represents the generalised ideal of the American Dream, because Gatsby’s quest for Daisy is generally connected with this. Fitzgerald’s choice of using ‘green’ as the colour of the light is very significant and symbolic in itself. Green is the colour of money and therefore wealth, this is something which Gatsby has always strived for (similarly he is reaching out and striving for the ‘light’) in order to capture Daisy’s heart, as she rejected him in the past due to his lack of wealth and status. Also, green is the colour that ... ...umping of industrial ashes. - It represents the moral and social decay that results from the uninhibited pursuit of wealth, as the rich indulge themselves with regard for nothing but their own pleasure. - It also symbolises the plight of the poor, like Wilson, who live among the dirty ashes and lose their vitality as a result. - Fitz uses the valley of the ashes as a dramatic contrast to the lives of the rich east and west egg dwellers, to really emphasise and show how large the difference between them is, despite them being so nearby. - He also uses it to highlight how superficial the rich are. They are the ‘beautiful people’ and this is reflected in where they live, however the valley of the ashes is dirty and unattractive. - The valley is actually used as a cut through road for the rich, however real people live there.

Celtic Art

Logan Fogarty Essay 2 Rough Draft 9/19/12 Celtic Art Art is translucent; it acts as a window into the creator’s world. Art portray not only aesthetic attributes but represents a viewpoint, a glimpse through another’s eyes via his or her creation. In Paul Jacobsthal’s article â€Å"Early Celtic Art† he takes viewers into the world of early art through the pieces created by the early Celts. Paul Jacobsthal states that, although the Celtic people were looked down upon as barbarians, their art holds no equal.He compares Celtic art to wide renowned Scythian art that has touched and influenced the far corners of Europe. Jacobsthal states â€Å"both in absolute value, and in the importance of its influence, Celtic art is beyond doubt superior to Scythian art†. (Jacobsthal,pg 113) Although Jacobsthals’ point is clearly stated in his blatant thesis, I believe he wrote this article from a biased standpoint. He may believe Celtic art is superior to Scyt hian, yet its only based off his opinion. Coming from an Irish background this topic intrigues me; it’s why I choose this article.Yet I ask myself whom is the Author trying to influence? At first I thought he was going after an audience that shows interest in ancient Celtic culture or art like I do. After finishing the article I realized the average viewer may not be able to take away the same message as someone who is trained in art analysis, or on who can formally break down a piece. Although the article narrows its audience through its subject and diction, a well-informed audience member will take away so much more than the casual reader.After determining the intended audience, it became much easier to determine that jacobsthal was trying to persuade his audience more so then entertain. Jacobsthal establishes his viewpoint clearly in his thesis, that Celtic art is a superior art form, and then uses supporting details about specific pieces that contribute to the validity of his statement. Jacobsthal goes into fine detail about how Celtic art has not only influenced European art but has also spread into Asia as well.Jacobsthal believes that although Celtic art was influenced by the Greek culture, it stands out in its style and dynamic precision in fine detail. The authors’ writing style is a little bewildering. For example â€Å"But the lower, a row of sickle- like curls, suggests classical analogies, while the pattern of the middle zone is classical absolutely: large lotus flowers alternating with small three- leaved palmettes which grow out of the horizontal S-shaped supporting tendrils†(Jacobsthal, pg 114).He uses heavy artistic terms when describing specific pieces that he believes shines a light on the Celtic culture. Although I was an AP art student I found myself looking up certain terms and getting lost in the wordiness of the descriptions. Jacobsthal tends to follow the same pattern when writing this piece; he would describe seve ral pieces then show a page of the art he just described. This pattern made the article a little less dry, but at the same time confused me when trying to compare the word descriptions on one page with the art on the next.I believe the article would be much more successful if the reader could see the pieces as their reading the description, instead of them being separated altogether, that way the viewer can better connect to what the author is trying to persuade. The piece itself is coherent, but hard to follow at certain points. The author transitions through topics by dividing his main points with the pages of pictures. Jacobsthal makes a broad statement on Celtic art then describes certain pieces that support his statement, shows a page of the art, then transitions into a new topic and group of art.Although this is an effective transition process, it becomes sort of repetitive and leaves the reader looking for change. One may believe that when writing a informational/ persuasive article that the author would use outside view points beside his own to show the viewer that theirs more then one person that shares the same beliefs, not in this article. The author shows little support from outside sources, which I did not enjoy, it showed me that his argument was one sided and his words were empty.Although the author does not use outside sources to back up his argument, he lets the artwork speak for them selves. For artwork created in 800 B. C. E they are truly magnificent, from the intricate gold inlay to the creativity behind each exotic creature the comprise most of the pieces. In the end the author’s subjectivity is invalid because art’s greatness is based off ones opinion and an opinion does not translate to fact. (Logan Fogarty, pg 4) Bibliography Jacobsthal, Paul. â€Å"Early Celtic Art. † The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs Sept. 1935: 113-27. Print

The movie “I am Legend” Review

When producing a horror movie we tend to think of an indivual going around killing or chopping people up into small peices. Some horror movies might have a big scary monster that goes around and terrorize people in there neighborhood. This is the norm for most horror movies to give the storyline that scarey factor. The movie â€Å"I am Legend† was a horror movie that took a different aprroach from your normal horror movies. It was still scarey but only had that horror effect when the time was right or when the monster was approached. In this paper I will analisy the movie â€Å"I am Legend† to better understand the overall storyline and its plot.The movie â€Å"I am Legend† had a non-linear narrative structure. A non-linear film â€Å"does not move from one event to the next in chronological order but moves from the present to the furture to the past, and so on, with no regard for chronological order† (Goodykoontz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. 2011). In this movie it starts with Neville remembering his past daily life as a military scientists. He was trying to find the cure for a virus that was spreading across the world. Then the movie goes into his present life after the virus has killed everybody and leaving him alone in the city of New York.In the movie â€Å"I am Legend† Will Smith was the star actor who played the role of Robert Neville. I think Will Smith is not only a star actor but also a wild card actor who can play a wide variety of characters equally well without becoming typecast (Goodykoontz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. 2011). Will Smith did a good job of protraying the life of a man who was left alone in the world with mutants and his only companion Sam a German Shepard. These mutants were results of a man-made virus that killed off most of the population. He was able to survive and not be affected by this virus because he was immune to the virus.In this movie Robert's family wife Zoe (Salli Richardson) and son Marley (Willow Smith) were killed in helicopter crashed caused by the mutants, so Robert is haunted by the memories of his family being killed. The cinematography was created by Andrew Lesnie. He did an outstanding job of creating a realistic abandoned New York city with cars scatterd through out the city with no movement. In the scene were the helicopter crashes the special effects made it feel real, all the special effects in this movie were created using computer-generated imagery.CGI was also used to give the realistic effect of the planes shooting missles into the bridge blowing it up. Most of the colors used in this movie went relatively well with the scenes. The darker colors were used to set the mood for scarey scenes. For example has Robert enters the dark building looking for Sam that scene was shot totally in the dark with him using a flash light. The flash light was a very good tool to use to highlight the mutants feeding in the dark. The editor Wayne Wahram used the cut transitioning method to edit the movie â€Å"I am Legend†.â€Å"After the news report is shown in the opening sequence, the editing is generally slow cut and transitioned this is to build up the atmosphere and impend on the audience a sense of solitude and abandonment. The camera shots then turn into shaky footage when shown from inside the car, this is in order to a sense of realism to the film. v When the deers run in front of Robert Neville’s car the editing is sped up and quick cut transitions are now used- this is to add suspense and tension as in principal it is a conventional chase scene† (slideshare. net). In this movie â€Å"I am legend† all three categoreis of sound were used.Dialogue, voice-over, and sound effects. Dialogue is when one character talks to one another. When Robert wakes up from the night he tried to commit suicide he awoke to having Anna (Alice Braga) in his house cooking breakfast. Once he comes to terms of what just happened he began to talk to her about how did she find him. He was under the impression he was the only sole survior and she expalined to Robert that was other people in a different part of the country. In the beggining of the movie voice-over was used because Robert narrated this first scene he was explaining about his life.Sound effects was used through out the movie to enhance the over all different scenes. You can hear deers running birds chirping when Robert goes out on a patrol threw the city and see the deers. In the final scene sound effect was used to create the big explosion as he kills himself and some of the mutants. The movie â€Å"I am Legend received three stars out of three from Robert Ebert. The pros for this movie was the special effects. The way the special effects were used help enhance the thrill and suspence and gave you a good scary factor.The cons for this movie was its story line its hard to believe that if the bridge was blew up from the start of the movie that Anna some how was able to get to Robert by car. Also the scene where Robert starts off sleeping in the tub and some how ends up in his bed. I think when the movie was edited they used the wrong cut to reestablish the next seen or used a jump cut. In conclusion I think the movie â€Å"I am Legend was a very simple horror/suspence movie that was entertaining at momments and boring others. The storyline could have been enhanced to give the horror film more horror and thrills.

Book Marketing How to Strategically Market to Increase Book Sales

Book Marketing How to Strategically Market to Increase Book Sales Book Marketing: How to Strategically Market to Increase Book Sales Just because you wrote a new book doesn’t mean that your book is guaranteed to sell.Harsh? Maybe. But its true. And here at Self-Publishing School, you first have to learn the truth before taking action.Even if your book is the next Great American Novel, it won’t be a success if it doesn’t get into the collective conscious of the public.This is why youneedgood book marketing tactics to back it up. Here are the book marketing strategies we cover:Social media marketing strategiesUse a launch team for book marketingPricing your book effectivelyBuild a website to market your bookGrow your email listInfluencer outreach for book promotionApply for BookBubLand interviews on podcastsReach book clubsWrite another bookBook Marketing for Self-Published AuthorsMarketing takes planning, organization, and consistent action; it’s hard work. But the good news is that marketing is also about fostering connections and relationships, which can be rewarding to you and your fa n base.And since you’re the one who knows your book from cover to cover, your backstory, your reasons for writing it, and who your ideal reader is, its your duty to put a plan in place to best connect with your intended audience and share your story.We know, we know†¦you’ve put a ton of effort into writing, editing, and getting your book ready for publication that the thought of adding another layer of â€Å"work† is not the most appealing idea.NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about how to build a platform and maintain consistent book sales in our Sell More Books Program. Learn more about it hereBut realize that if you launch your book without a marketing plan, FAR fewer people will read it.It will hamper the success of the book you’re working on now, as well as others you plan on publishing in the future. So if you dream of becoming a New York Times bestselling author, or if you want your book to help you reach other lifesty le goals, a book marketing strategy is your essential key to success.And if you want a quicker, easier way of understanding whats in this blog post, check out your free training.Join Chandler Bolt at his FREE Webinar Training as he reveals the exact tactics and strategies he used to write and publish 6 bestselling books in a row and how he used them to build a 7-figure business in less than 2 years!Spots are limited!Click Here to Save Your SpotBook Marketing Strategies for Social MediaHaving a quick overview of exactly what you can do and how much time and effort each will take can help you better plan for your book marketing plan.Here are our recommended book marketing strategies and what you need for each.Book Marketing PlatformWhat to doTwitter- use appropriate hashtags - post relatable tweets to increase shares - engage by liking and replying to others - search common hashtags to find your audienceInstagram- use appropriate hashtags - post photos related to the content of your book - engage by liking and replying to others - ask questions in photos to increase engagement - search common hashtags to find your audienceFacebook- create a page for yourself or your book - post video content - go Live to answer questions or discuss your book - post blog posts supporting your topic/ideas/bookPinterest- create pins linking back to your website - repin content related to your genre - create appropriate boards for your content - optimize pins with keywords - join group boards - connect with others who pin similar ideasLinkedIn- great for business-related topics - share insights/stats - share blog posts supporting your ideas/topics - connect with leaders in your industryPersonal Website- create a website - maintain a blog with posts about your main topic - use this to create an email list - keep this updated regularlyFree Book Marketing PlanHaving seen and been involved in so many book launches ourselves, we know what works and what doesn’t when it comes to book marketing.We’ll walk you through a play-by-play of exactly what you need to do so that your readers can find your book and buy it.We’ve broken this guide down into three main sections for learning book marketing:Pre-Launch: Building Your Book Marketing Launch TeamPricing Your Book for Maximum SalesPost-Launch: 8 Strategies for Selling More BooksLets get started! Pre-Launch: Build Your Book Marketing Launch TeamThe first step of preparing for your book launch, and the marketing behind it, is to build your launch team or street team, as its also commonly referred to.What is a launch team?The ideal launch team, also known as a street team, is a dedicated, hand-selected group eager to make your launch successful. If you use your team’s talent and communicate well, there’s nothing your launch team can’t accomplish!This video does a great job of detailing what a launch team is and exactly what they do: #1 Launch Team SizeThe first step is to determ ine the projected size of your book marketing launch team basedon the size of your audience.Your audience is anyone interested in you, your book, and your product. They could be five of your lifelong friends, members of your community, big organizations you’re connected to, social media followers, email subscribers, anyone who might be interested in what you’re sharing.If you have a smaller following, we suggest you aim for a launch team of 10-50. Those with hundreds in their network can aim for 100-250 team members.How to Finda Launch TeamIf you don’t have much of a following right now, start by looking at your personal inner circle- your family, your close friends- then branch out to their connections, families, and colleagues.You can reach out to peers from college, your volunteer work, or even your first job. You may even consider parents at your child’s school, fellow dog owners, or members of your yoga class.Even though you may not know these peopl e well,they are a part of your network, and you may be pleasantly surprised to discover that they’re inspired by your book and would be eager to share it.Once you’ve completed this exercise, you should have an initial list of potential launch team members!#2 Recruit Quality People for Your Launch TeamNow that you’ve determined your potential recruitment pool, the second step is to initiate contact and gauge their interest level. The most important lesson to consider about your book marketing launch team is that  QUALITY trumps QUANTITY.One top-quality, dedicated team member trumps a handful of mediocre ones.To begin recruitment for your launch team, create a simple questionnaire process that describes your book, your expectations of the team, and questions asking:Why are you interested in supporting my book?What part of my book speaks to you?What specialized skills can you contribute?What’s your available time commitment?Who are influential people you can reach out to?Why would these influential people be interested?To sweeten the recruitment deal, feel free to offer a free signed copy of your book or an inclusion in the â€Å"acknowledgments† section. You can easily do this through email, or through online forms like Typeform.#3 Record a Welcome VideoTake the time to record a warm welcome video for your new supporters! In your video, first, congratulate your team for being selected and express gratitude for their help.Then, detail your expectations, your unique mission for writing your book, and why you want to share it with as many people as you can!This welcome video will help you create a more personal connection with your book launch team, and show them a bit more about why you’re creating it and what message you’re trying to convey.Be sure to send it to everyone who completes your questionnaire!#4 Establish a Communication StyleHere’s the secret to a successful book marketing launch team: Effec tive communication. Communicate with your team regularly to keep them focused on weekly tasks, progress, and innovative ideas by doing the following:Strive to send one email per week preceding launch then increase it to three or more during launch week.Use a Facebook group to engage, share ideas, and post feedback. Set the tone by posting â€Å"Dos and Donts† to keep conversations focused and positive.Boost morale and build rapport by sharing inspiring quotes, gifts, and goofy photos to keep energy high and build vital connections.No matter which mode of communication you’re using, remember people like to be treated well.Always make sure your team knows how grateful you are to them and their dedication!#5 Book Marketing Launch Team AssignmentsYou can’t just build up a catalog of supporters and not use them, though. You have to give them small assignments to help you with launching and the book marketing process in general.It might feel weird telling people to h elp you, but don’t worry about it!They’re here because they want to support your project, and as long as you’re gracious and ask nicely, they’ll be happy to support your work.Facebook Groups will be the most effective way to dole out weekly team assignments.Here are some book marketing initiatives you can assign your team to do: Share snippets of content from your book across social mediaSubmit reviews on AmazonAdd their reviews to GoodreadsShare a book review on their YouTube channelRecord a testimonial for your bookBuy extra copies to give to their friendsGive you more marketing ideas!#6 Utilize TalentsYour team members will have a different variety of skills and talents, and it’s your job to effectively manage your team by assigning work based on their strengths.To identify your team’s talents, write a post during the introductory week and say the following:â€Å"If you have any special talents or connections you’d like to lend t owards my book launch, please comment on this post and let me know. I’m looking for ways to help spread my book’s message to a wider audience.†#7 Have Fun and Say â€Å"Thank You!†Your launch team will commit weeks of their time, energy, and talent, so make sure you thank each and every person for their contribution!Ensure that each person on your team feels valued and appreciated for their efforts.And most importantly, let them know how to get your book for free (or at least at a deep discount)!Which brings us to†¦How to Price Your BookOne of the most important factors in how successful your book launch is will be how you price it.To find out how to price your book for success, we recommend reading Book Launch.But for the sake of this article, here are some of Self-Publishing School’sbiggest secrets that will get your book to soar up the Amazon’s charts:If you have a sizable audience, we recommend launching your book for $0.99, and the n increasing the price to $2.99 or higher after about a week.For first-time authors, we recommendAmazon’s Free Book Promotionsfor your book launch.Although you won’t get paid by putting your book out for free,realize that it will be featured on another author’s page which instantaneously increases your exposure and recognition. Once the freepromotion has ended, switch your book’s price to $0.99 for the following week, then slowly increase the price by $1 per week until sales stagnate.Post-Launch: 8 Book Marketing Strategies for Selling More BooksAll marketing- no matter which market or industry- is fundamentally about people and making connections.Part of pitching your book will be figuring out how your book relates to your readers and how they will benefit from it.Now that your book is out in the wild, you want to get as many people to it as possible. Here are the eight best strategies for doing just that.NOTE: We cover everything in this post-launch mar keting section and much more about how to build a platform and maintain consistent book sales in our Sell More Books Program. Learn more about it here#1 Build Your Book WebsiteCan you imagine if you came home one day and your house was†¦missing?Well, that is what an author’s life can be like without a website to post fresh content.You’ll always be missing a home where you can park your books. Many authors think they don’t need a website because they can promote their books through social media or the author platform on Amazon.Sorry, not exactly.There is a huge difference. Having an author website is the difference between renting or buying a piece of property. When you rent, you are living in someone else’s space.It doesn’t belong to you and they can cancel your lease at any time. Maintaining your own website on a hosted server with your domain name is the same as having that piece of real estate.You can customize your site your way, publish your own content, and you are always in complete control of how it looks and what gets published.When it comes to book marketing with your own website, the sky’s the limit. You can: Publish your book’s landing page on your site. Post blogs about your upcoming book Create a countdown timer for the book’s release date. Set up an affiliate link to your Amazon page so you get commissions on book sales Include sample chapters from your book Link to video clips about the book on your website Communicate directly with your email subscribers about new releases or your current blog postAnd you can also set up a Google Alert so you can be notified about where your name and your book show up online. If someone gives you good feedback or a stellar review, reach out and thank them and ask them to link back to your book’s website.Action Step:If your book doesn’t already have a website, get one started! To set up your website and personal blog on a paid se rver, you can try Bluehost or Godaddy and use WordPress for building your site.#2 Build Your Email ListThere is a saying going around that says: â€Å"the money is in the list.† Why? It’s simple. A list of followers who are in love with your writing will be the first to line up when you have a new product to sell.These people are essentially your customers.Your email list is yours. It doesn’t belong to Amazon or social media. You control what you want to say, how you say it, and when. Imagine if every time you had a new book ready to launch, hundreds or thousands of people were waiting for it so they could get it first. If you are serious about your book marketing your current project and all future ones as well, building your list shouldbe a top priority. Nothing else comes close.Although building a list takes time, in the long run it is the easiest way to market.These are the true fans that will get the word out and be the first to leave verified reviews afte r buying your new release at the special price of 0.99. But that is just the beginning.You can continue to build your list by including a reader magnet at the front and back of your book. Get people hooked on your brand and then keep them there by writing your next book, and then, including them in your next launch.As your book reaches more people, and you get more signups, your marketing capacity grows†¦exponentially.Action Step:If you haven’t started on your list building, go to an email management system such as Mailchimp or AWeber and sign up for an account. Then get building and start to funnel your fans into your books today.#3 Reach Out to InfluencersWhen it comes to book promoting, nothing can have a bigger impact on your book than influencers through book endorsements.Even Gary Vaynerchuk, one of the most influential and knowledgable people in the marketing game, thinks so. What is an influencer? Influencers can be podcasters, bloggers, or authors with strong e mail lists. It’s someone with an established platform that can get you noticed if they notice you.An influencer is someone who has a lot of promotional weight and can spread the word about your book to thousands of people with just a brief mention to their email list, on their blog, or by sharing on social media, for example.Influencers have a long reach. What you can do is identify the influencers in your niche and reach out to them. Tell them who you are and ask if they can help to promote your latest book.A lot of the time, theyll want a free copy to read and review. You can also offer to support their future endeavors as a way of giving back.Influencers can have a major impact on your exposure as an author, so try to set up interviews in your hometown or reach out to someone online and offer to do an interview so you can deliver value to their target audience.Guest post blogging on an influencer’sblog or website is another way to market your book.For example, if yo u wrote a book on recipes for Italian food, you could try connecting with people in the Italian cooking niche.They may have a blog, podcast, or a webinar on which you want to appear.Action Step:Identify at least one influencer in your market and reach out to that person. Tell them who you are and what you do. Get on their podcast or get interviewed. Exposure to fans in your niche will have a big influence on book sales.#4 Leverage Two Social Media PlatformsSocial media is a powerful way to promote your book to potential readers. We can engage with thousands of people just by hitting a few buttons.But with social media sites, the big scare is the amount of time we can get sucked into trying to do everything. If you try to connect with everyone, you’ll match up with nobody.When promoting and marketing your book, you can’t be everywhere doing all things at once.That is why we recommend you choose two social media sites to work withand post your content regularly on these two sites.For example, you can have a YouTube channeland post weekly videos covering a wide range of topics centering around your book. After a few months, you could build up a library of content that will bring in the right audience, engage with new subscribers, and even create a course out of your videos. Heres an example of Youtube content from a writer currently working on her first fiction novel. She created a Youtube channel to engage fellow writers, who are also readers:By creating a Youtube channel and giving advice about writing, shes appealing to writers while also advertising that she is also a writer and has a book in progress.Switching gears to Facebook, you can promote your book or blog using Facebook adsthat drive new readers to your Facebook page or your book’s website.You could also post popular quotes or snippets of material from your upcoming book. With Twitter, you can post multiple times a day with brief quotes or messages under 280 characters. Twitter h as proven to be a powerful platform for authors when it comes time to promote and market a book.And if your book is more business-focused, you may find that LinkedIn works best for you, since it allows you to connect with new readers on a more professional platform.We recommend choosing two social media platforms and focusing on consistent engagement. This will keep your book’s appearance fresh and invite new people in to check out your work.Using Specific Hashtags to Grow on Social Media#In the writing community, there are a number of very popular hashtags authors and writers use to connect with each other.Why make connections with other authors? Because almost every other isalso a reader!Here are some of the top hashtags you can use on each platform:Twitter#amwriting (as in, I am writing)#writerslife#fantasywriter, #scifiwriter, #contemporarywriter, etc.#writerprobs, #writerproblemsInstagram#amwriting (as in, I am writing)#writerslife#fantasywriter, #scifiwriter, #contempor arywriter, etc.#writerprobs, #writerproblems#writersofig, #writersofinstagram, #writersofinstaFacebook#amwriting (as in, I am writing)#writerslife#fantasywriter, #scifiwriter, #contemporarywriter, etc.#writerprobs, #writerproblemsAction Step:Choose two social media platforms and commit to publishing content regularly. If you only want to focus on one, master it, and then move to another that is perfectly fine! It is better to do one thing and get it right then do two things poorly.#5 Get on BookbubBookbub is the cream of the crop when it comes to promoting and marketing your book. In fact, you should submit your book for promotion as either free or for 99 cents right after your book launch.Bookbub has a massive following and can get your book delivered to thousands of readers. It really is the â€Å"Big One† when it comes to bookmarketing.The cost isn’t cheap and can run you anywhere from $200 to $2,000 for a promo, depending on the genre, category, and the price of y our book.But is it worth it? Yes. Definitely.For example, if you are running a promo for 99 cents in general nonfiction, you could potentially sell, on average, 2,000 copies of your book. Not only will you make a profit, but this could bring in hundreds of subscribers and leads to your email list.From there you can upsell readers on your other books or even a course if you have one.Action Step:Go here for Bookbub submission requirements. You can also check out the pricing here and submit your book here.#6 Interviews and PodcastsA local radio or podcast interview can introduce you to new readers. While this may sound intimidating, you can pull this off like a pro with a little preparation.Look to local colleges, podcast hosts, or local radio stations for interview opportunities(Pro Tip: Hosts love to interview up-and-coming authors, so you may be surprised at the many offers that come your way when you reach out).Reach out, let them know a little bit about your book and why it might be interesting to their audience, and include a free sample of it so they can see if you’d be a good fit.If you have a press release describing what your book is about, feel free to include that as well to give them more context.Then be sure that when you go on, you present a great story about your book and get their listeners excited to read it!Action Step:What are three podcasts or radio shows you could go on to talk about your book? Find their contact info and reach out with a pitch about having you on.#7 Book ClubsLocal book clubs are another goldmine of new readers; you already know they like books! Find and connect with these groups.You can offer to attend a meet-and-greet and hand out copies of your free signed book. You can also get your book listed in Facebook Groups and other groups dedicated to readers.There are also paid lists, such as Buck Books, that can reach tens to hundreds of thousands of readers. Book Launchalso teaches what lists are out there, and which ones are the best to use.Action Step:Are there any book clubs you could join? Look on Facebook for groups that would be a good fit for your book.#8 Write Another BookPublishing another book is great for brand building. In fact, it’s much harder to market just one book unless it is a ground-breaking phenomenal masterpiece.Your book may be great, but you can compound that greatness by writing more books, preferably in a series.With every new book you put out there, you increase the chances of your work getting recognized by influencers and people online who are hanging out in all the places you can target for promotion and sharing.Become a Book Marketing Guru with FREE TrainingLaunching your book is only the beginning. The real work begins after the initial â€Å"bang† is over and you have to dig in deep to promote, engage, and provide solutions to readers’ problems.Remember: Marketing is about delivering a product [your book] to the right people [your audience] who need desperately what you have to offer [your solution].